“Emerging Markets: The Dynamic Frontier of Global Growth and Opportunity”

Emerging markets denote economies in the midst of rapid development, characterized by dynamic growth, industrialization, and significant demographic shifts. These markets, typically found in developing regions, exhibit robust economic expansion, often outpacing more mature economies. Fueled by factors like industrialization, urbanization, and technological progress, they undergo transformative shifts from agrarian to industrialized structures. The demographic profile of emerging markets often features a youthful and expanding population, contributing to a substantial labor force and economic vitality.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a pivotal role in supporting infrastructure projects and fostering economic development within these markets. Despite their growth potential, emerging markets face challenges such as political instability, regulatory uncertainties, and inadequate infrastructure, along with vulnerability to currency fluctuations and external shocks. However, the rising middle class in these regions fuels increased consumer spending, attracting businesses seeking to tap into new and expanding markets.

Furthermore, emerging markets are increasingly integrated into the global economy, participating in international trade and contributing to the interconnectedness of markets worldwide. Rapid adoption of technology is another hallmark, with mobile technology often leapfrogging traditional infrastructure to provide access to services like banking and e-commerce. Investors often view emerging markets as opportunities for diversification, drawn by the potential for high returns and the chance to capitalize on the growth and transformation of these dynamic economies. Understanding the intricacies of emerging markets is vital for businesses, investors, and policymakers as they navigate the unique opportunities and challenges presented by these evolving economies.

“Sustainable Business Practices: Nurturing Success with Purpose and Responsibility”

“Sustainable Business Practices” refers to the adoption and implementation of strategies and processes by businesses that prioritize environmental, social, and economic responsibility. Here’s a more detailed overview:

1. Environmental Responsibility:

  • Resource Efficiency:
    Sustainable businesses strive to minimize resource consumption and waste generation. This includes efficient energy use, water conservation, and responsible sourcing of materials.
  • Carbon Footprint Reduction: Companies adopt measures to reduce their carbon footprint, such as utilizing renewable energy sources, optimizing transportation, and implementing eco-friendly technologies.

2. Social Responsibility:

  • Community Engagement: Sustainable businesses actively engage with local communities, contributing positively to social well-being. This involvement may include supporting local charities, educational programs, and community development initiatives.
  • Employee Well-being: Prioritizing the health and well-being of employees through fair wages, safe working conditions, and comprehensive benefits fosters a socially responsible business environment.

3. Economic Responsibility:

  • Long-Term Value Creation: Sustainable businesses focus on long-term value creation rather than short-term gains. This involves considering the impact of business decisions on stakeholders, including customers, employees, investors, and the broader community.
  • Ethical Business Practices: Maintaining integrity and ethical conduct in all business operations is fundamental. This includes transparent financial practices, fair competition, and responsible marketing.

4. Corporate Governance:

  • Ethical Leadership: Sustainable businesses are led by ethical leaders who prioritize responsible decision-making and accountability.
  • Board Diversity: Encouraging diversity on boards and within leadership positions contributes to a more inclusive and sustainable corporate governance structure.

5. Innovation for Sustainability:

  • Green Technologies: Embracing and investing in green technologies that reduce environmental impact.
  • Circular Economy Practices: Adopting circular economy principles, such as recycling, upcycling, and reducing waste through sustainable product design.

6. Reporting and Transparency:

  • Sustainability Reporting: Many sustainable businesses voluntarily publish sustainability reports, detailing their environmental, social, and economic performance.
  • Stakeholder Engagement: Engaging with stakeholders, including customers, investors, and the public, in transparent and open dialogues about sustainable practices.

7. Certification and Standards:

  • Eco-Certifications: Seeking and maintaining certifications such as B Corp, LEED, or ISO 14001, which demonstrate a commitment to sustainable business practices.
  • Adherence to Global Standards: Aligning business practices with global sustainability standards and frameworks.

8. Supply Chain Sustainability:

  • Responsibility Across the Supply Chain: Ensuring that suppliers adhere to ethical and sustainable practices, creating a ripple effect throughout the supply chain.
  • Traceability: Tracking and ensuring the transparency of the supply chain to identify and address any unsustainable practices.

Adopting sustainable business practices is not only beneficial for the environment and society but also contributes to long-term business resilience and success. It reflects a commitment to balancing profit with the well-being of people and the planet.

“Navigating the Corporate Landscape: Unveiling the Dynamics of Mergers and Acquisitions”

“Unveiling the Dynamics of Mergers and Acquisitions” delves deep into the intricate world of corporate transformations. This exploration unveils the strategic maneuvers, financial intricacies, and cultural considerations that define the dynamic landscape of mergers and acquisitions. From navigating legal frameworks to anticipating future trends, this journey offers invaluable insights for professionals and enthusiasts alike. Step into the heart of corporate evolution as we decode the complexities shaping the business landscape.

“Unveiling the Dynamics of Mergers and Acquisitions” is an in-depth exploration that aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted processes involved in corporate mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Here’s a more detailed overview:

1.Strategic Considerations:

  • Analysis of the strategic motivations behind mergers and acquisitions.
  • Examination of how companies approach M&A as part of their growth, expansion, or restructuring strategies.

2.Financial Aspects:

  • Evaluation of financial considerations, including valuation methods, deal structuring, and financial implications.
  • Discussion on the impact of M&A on the financial performance and stability of the involved entities.

3.Legal and Regulatory Landscape:

  • Exploration of the legal and regulatory framework surrounding M&A transactions.
  • Consideration of compliance issues, antitrust regulations, and legal challenges that may arise during the process.

4. Cultural Integration:

  • Insight into the challenges and importance of integrating organizational cultures post-M&A.
  • Strategies for managing cultural differences and fostering a cohesive and collaborative working environment.

5. Case Studies:

  • In-depth analysis of case studies to illustrate successful and challenging M&A scenarios.
  • Learning from real-world examples to understand the factors that contribute to M&A success or failure.

6. Risk Management:

  • Discussion on identifying, assessing, and managing risks associated with M&A activities.
  • Strategies for minimizing potential pitfalls and ensuring a smooth transition during the integration phase.

7. Stakeholder Communication:

  • Consideration of effective communication strategies for stakeholders, including employees, shareholders, and the broader community.
  • Addressing concerns and managing expectations to maintain trust and transparency throughout the process.

8. Future Trends:

  • Exploration of emerging trends in the field of mergers and acquisitions.
  • Analysis of how technological advancements, global economic shifts, and industry-specific trends may shape the future of M&A.

9. Industry Expert Perspectives:

  • Interviews or insights from industry experts, executives, and professionals with hands-on experience in M&A.
  • Gaining valuable perspectives and advice from those who have navigated the complexities of M&A transactions.

This comprehensive exploration aims to equip readers with a thorough understanding of the dynamics, challenges, and opportunities inherent in mergers and acquisitions, making it a valuable resource for anyone involved or interested in the corporate evolution process.

“Unveiling the Dynamics of Mergers and Acquisitions” is an in-depth exploration that aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted processes involved in corporate mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Here’s a more detailed overview:

1. Strategic Considerations:

  • Analysis of the strategic motivations behind mergers and acquisitions.
  • Examination of how companies approach M&A as part of their growth, expansion, or restructuring strategies.

2. Financial Aspects:

  • Evaluation of financial considerations, including valuation methods, deal structuring, and financial implications.
  • Discussion on the impact of M&A on the financial performance and stability of the involved entities.

3. Legal and Regulatory Landscape:

  • Exploration of the legal and regulatory framework surrounding M&A transactions.
  • Consideration of compliance issues, antitrust regulations, and legal challenges that may arise during the process.

4. Cultural Integration:

  • Insight into the challenges and importance of integrating organizational cultures post-M&A.
  • Strategies for managing cultural differences and fostering a cohesive and collaborative working environment.

5. Case Studies:

  • In-depth analysis of case studies to illustrate successful and challenging M&A scenarios.
  • Learning from real-world examples to understand the factors that contribute to M&A success or failure.

6. Risk Management:

  • Discussion on identifying, assessing, and managing risks associated with M&A activities.
  • Strategies for minimizing potential pitfalls and ensuring a smooth transition during the integration phase.

7. Stakeholder Communication:

  • Consideration of effective communication strategies for stakeholders, including employees, shareholders, and the broader community.
  • Addressing concerns and managing expectations to maintain trust and transparency throughout the process.

This comprehensive exploration aims to equip readers with a thorough understanding of the dynamics, challenges, and opportunities inherent in mergers and acquisitions, making it a valuable resource for anyone involved or interested in the corporate evolution process.

Devesh Chawla: Nurturing Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Financial Independence

In the ever-evolving landscape of entrepreneurship, Devesh Chawla stands as an exemplary figure – an ingenious strategist, mentor, leader, trader, investor, and an all-rounder. As the Founder and CEO of Chatur Ideas and Chatur Wealth, he has left an indelible mark on India’s startup ecosystem.

Chatur Ideas: A One-Stop Solution

Chatur Ideas, a brainchild of Devesh Chawla, is a testament to his sincere efforts in creating a ‘ONE-STOP SOLUTION’ for startups and entrepreneurs. With over 1100 startups and 1500+ investors, Chatur Ideas provides funding, mentoring, and comprehensive execution support. Devesh’s commitment extends beyond the platform, as he actively engages with young entrepreneurs across institutes, enriching the entrepreneurial culture from the foundation level.

Chatur Wealth: Navigating Financial Frontiers

In the fintech realm, Chatur Wealth, another venture by Mr. Chawla, focuses on growing investors’ wealth and capital through algo-trading. Leveraging rigorously tested growth strategies centered around Nifty Options, Chatur Wealth aims to outperform Nifty benchmarks and equity mutual funds. Devesh’s dedication to fostering financial independence resonates in his efforts to empower the youth through workshops and courses on stock market technical analysis, entrepreneurship, and self-reliance.

Awards and Recognitions

Devesh Chawla’s impact on the entrepreneurial landscape has not gone unnoticed. His accolades, including the “Youth Leadership Award,” “Mahatma Gandhi Samman Award,” and “Entrepreneur of the Year 2018,” reflect his unwavering commitment and leadership.

A Journey of Resilience

Devesh’s journey began in 2009 when he completed his MBA and embarked on the path of entrepreneurship. His initial idea, a cab service based on GPS technology, faced challenges and discouragement from industry experts. Therefore, Devesh decided to pursue a career instead of entrepreneurship. Despite setbacks, he entered the wealth management sector, managing ultra-HNWIs’ investments. Witnessing the rise of Ola on the foundation of his original idea prompted introspection.

Undeterred, Devesh accumulated extensive networking and domain expertise over the years. This wealth of experience fueled his determination to bridge the gap between entrepreneurs and investors/mentors. Thus, Chatur Ideas emerged, evolving into one of India’s premier startup enabling platforms.

Leadership Principles for Success

Devesh Chawla emphasizes key leadership principles crucial for business success. He advocates for Perseverance, Discipline, and Focus (PDF). Drawing parallels with iconic entrepreneurs like Colonel Sanders, Devesh underscores the importance of perseverance

despite hurdles. Discipline, he asserts, is vital in managing investor funds responsibly, while unwavering focus ensures a successful entrepreneurial journey.

Challenging Decisions and Triumphs

Reflecting on challenging decisions, Devesh recalls the skepticism he faced due to his age and entering a competitive market. The initial acceptance struggle became a catalyst for his relentless dedication. By working over 18 hours a day, he demonstrated sincerity and honesty, paving the way for Chatur Ideas’ rapid ascent.

Fostering Innovation and Adapting to Change

Devesh Chawla values disruptive thinking and encourages creativity within Chatur Ideas. He acknowledges the need for constant innovation in a rapidly changing market. Adapting to technological advancements and market shifts is imperative. Devesh emphasizes the importance of staying ahead of the competition, whether leading or following in the market.

Risk Assessment and Management

Devesh articulates the significance of thoughtful planning to mitigate risks. Balancing the fine line between impulsive execution and excessive planning, he promotes efficient management. Delegating tasks and providing space for creativity fosters trust and growth within the organization.

Lessons for Entrepreneurs

Devesh Chawla shares invaluable lessons for entrepreneurs navigating the challenges of the digital age. He highlights the importance of networking, emphasizing that connections are crucial for business growth. Additionally, he advises prudent financial management, understanding that spending strategically adds value.

Legacy of Financial Independence

Devesh’s entrepreneurial journey is deeply rooted in his commitment to empowering today’s youth. Through workshops and courses, he strives to impart knowledge on financial independence, be it through entrepreneurship, jobs, or stock market ventures. Devesh Chawla’s legacy is one of resilience, innovation, and a steadfast commitment to nurturing the entrepreneurial spirit in India.

Balancing Professional and Personal Life

For Devesh Chawla, success isn’t solely measured by the hours invested in entrepreneurship. He emphasizes the importance of maintaining a healthy work-life balance. Acknowledging the significance of health while pursuing dreams, Devesh suggests that phases labeled as “hard work” can inadvertently lead to burnouts. Delegating tasks, taking breaks, and celebrating small victories are his strategies for sustaining long-term success.

Digital Transformation: Navigating Challenges

The digital age poses unique challenges, and Devesh acknowledges the need for entrepreneurs to navigate them effectively. He stresses the importance of staying connected, especially in a world where change is constant. Devesh advocates for being agile in adapting to technological shifts, as businesses that fail to evolve risk becoming obsolete.

Significant Risk and Lessons Learned

Reflecting on his entrepreneurial journey, Devesh shares a pivotal lesson from a significant risk he took as a first-time entrepreneur. He learned the importance of first identifying the problem before seeking a solution. This valuable insight underscores the need for aspiring entrepreneurs to prioritize problem-solving over impulsive actions.

Shaping Corporate Culture

At Chatur Ideas, Devesh fosters a positive and creative corporate culture. Rejecting micromanagement, he believes in efficient management that allows employees to work in their own ways. Trust, he emphasizes, is essential for fostering creativity among both employees and clients. The company’s ethos revolves around nurturing innovation and disruptive thinking.

Aspiring Entrepreneurs: Navigating the Digital Age

Devesh Chawla’s advice for aspiring entrepreneurs navigating the challenges of the digital age is rooted in two key lessons. Firstly, he underscores the importance of continuous networking, emphasizing that a strong network enhances both personal and professional growth. Secondly, he highlights the inevitability of financial investment in startups, advising prudent spending where value is maximized.

Entrepreneurial Legacy: Financial Independence

Devesh Chawla’s entrepreneurial legacy extends beyond business success. His commitment to assisting the youth in gaining financial independence resonates through workshops and courses. By imparting knowledge on stock market technical analysis, entrepreneurship, and financial independence, Devesh aims to leave a lasting impact on individuals striving to be self-reliant.

In conclusion, Devesh Chawla’s journey exemplifies resilience, adaptability, and a dedication to fostering innovation and financial independence in the ever-evolving landscape of entrepreneurship. His insights and experiences serve as a guide for aspiring and seasoned entrepreneurs alike.

“Assad Comes in from the Cold: Embracing Independent Thinking in Diplomacy”

A shift in international relations involving Syria’s President Bashar al-Assad. It implies that Assad, previously isolated or marginalized, is now engaging in a form of “coming in from the cold” – a metaphor for reintegration or improved diplomatic relations. The term “independent thinking in diplomacy” further hints at a more autonomous stance taken by Assad or a change in Syria’s approach to international affairs. The description would explore the evolving dynamics and potential implications of this diplomatic shift.

For more than a decade the regime in Damascus has been an international pariah amid a long and brutal campaign of terror by the Syrian armed forces against its own people.

But the regional geopolitics is starting to shift, with signs that other Middle Eastern governments are now willing to reopen relation with Syria’s president Bashar al-Assad. The panel examines what this means for the region, the implications for the alliance between Iran and Syria, and whether justice for the Assad regime’s many victims is now lost to realpolitik. 

a shift in international relations involving Syria’s President Bashar al-Assad. It implies that Assad, previously isolated or marginalized, is now engaging in a form of “coming in from the cold” – a metaphor for reintegration or improved diplomatic relations. The term “independent thinking in diplomacy” further hints at a more autonomous stance taken by Assad or a change in Syria’s approach to international affairs. The description would explore the evolving dynamics and potential implications of this diplomatic shift.

“COP27: Charting a Challenging Course to Sharm El-Sheikh”

In the face of escalating urgency, COP27 in Egypt is poised to shine a spotlight on various facets of climate action, with particular emphasis on the pivotal role played by the host country in advancing global environmental initiatives.

Subsequent to the conclusion of COP26, the COP27 presidency articulated its vision during MENA Climate Week 2022, emphasizing the goal of achieving substantial and equitable progress across all negotiation aspects. Egypt underscored its commitment to prioritizing the implementation of existing carbon reduction targets over advocating for additional carbon cuts, signaling a pragmatic approach to climate action.

As COP26 concluded in Glasgow, Egyptian officials outlined their priorities for COP27, signaling a shift towards a novel approach that emphasizes climate finance and adaptation. This departure from the historical focus on mitigation underscores a heightened awareness of the need to address climate impacts and enhance resilience in the face of environmental challenges.

Egypt asserts its role as the host of COP27 on behalf of African nations, positioning itself as a champion for the interests of the developing world. While claiming impartiality in its role, it is crucial to examine the priorities set forth by the Egyptian government, shedding light on the nuanced perspective shaping its approach to the global climate conference.

“Call for a Rethink: State-building Strategies in the Middle East and North Africa”

For post-conflict governance models in Iraq and Libya to be effective, it is crucial to recognize the presence of ‘hybrid’ armed groups and integrate them into the state rebuilding process. Success hinges on fostering accountability within these groups while acknowledging their role in the broader reconstruction efforts.

State weakness and protracted conflict continue to plague Iraq and Libya. A breakdown of the unitary state, competition for power and influence, and the absence of a social contract all continue to drive conflict, while allowing a proliferation of local armed groups to flourish.

In Iraq and Libya, armed groups are frequently perceived solely as security entities, but a more accurate characterization identifies them as ‘hybrid‘ networks spanning political, economic, and social domains. Effectively addressing the threats posed by these groups requires Western policies to go beyond traditional security interventions. Instead, a comprehensive and inclusive approach emphasizing accountability becomes essential, recognizing it as a pathway to sustainable peace in the region.

For the beginnings of a durable rules-based order to emerge, assumptions about the dynamics of state power in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) must be reconsidered.

The infiltration of armed groups into civilian life is unmistakably apparent in both Iraq and Libya. With ineffective governance and a lack of public services, militias and paramilitaries are seizing opportunities to establish their presence, creating their own social contracts with local populations in the absence of robust state control.

In response to this phenomenon, many Western peacekeeping and state-building initiatives continue to focus on either the demobilization of armed groups or their integration into official ‘state’ forces, in order to establish a monopoly over legitimate violence. However, such approaches have never worked in the region.

“The Economic Imperative: Urgent Call for a Ceasefire in Gaza”

With the looming threat of regional escalation, it is imperative for the Gulf Arab states to intensify efforts towards a ceasefire in Gaza. Beyond humanitarian concerns, the call for de-escalation is grounded in the shared economic self-interest of these nations, underscoring the need for proactive diplomatic engagement.

The ongoing Gaza war has inflicted a severe human toll, particularly on the Palestinian civilian population, with over 25,000 casualties at the hands of Israeli forces and a staggering 90% displacement rate. Beyond its human impact, the conflict has wrought extensive economic damage, affecting not only Gaza and the West Bank but also neighboring countries, including Israel itself. The urgent call for a ceasefire is reinforced not only by compelling political and humanitarian considerations but also by a robust case grounded in the shared economic self-interest of the involved parties.

The repercussions of the ongoing conflict extend beyond countries like Jordan and Egypt, whose already fragile economies have experienced substantial setbacks. The economic strain also affects major Gulf Arab states, who are expected to play a crucial role in financing a significant portion of the extensive reconstruction and recovery costs associated with the aftermath of the conflict. The financial burden underscores the interconnected economic interests of nations in the region, reinforcing the imperative for a collective and comprehensive approach to address the fallout.

Prior to the 7 October attack on Israel by Hamas and other armed factions in Gaza, the surrounding countries were facing varying degrees of economic difficulty. Lebanon remained mired in a deep financial crisis, mitigated to a small extent by increased tourism and remittances.

Jordan registered some modest improvements on the back of a revival in tourism, but its growth rate was below 3%, unemployment was over 20%, and heavy spending commitments for state salaries, subsidies and the army meant that there was little left for investment, while public debt was about 90% of GDP.

The Gulf Arab powers have yet to play their hand. Qatar has been involved in mediation over hostages, while, along with the UAE and Saudi Arabia, shipping humanitarian aid that has dribbled into Gaza.

How To Choose A Reputable Private Proxy

Some sources place the idea of private proxies or proxies in the 1960s and 1970s. Even if there were early proxies before this time, their main objective was to gather information from diverse sources. The precise functions and owners of these early proxies are poorly understood. This post examines private proxies and offers suggestions for choosing the most reliable ones.

What do you know about Private proxies?

General Proxy

To understand the purpose of proxies, let’s first talk about them. Tools or extensions known as proxies provide access to restricted and censored content by authorities, such as the government. Websites like social media platforms (Facebook, YouTube, Instagram) and content that goes against a nation’s philosophy and religious values are commonly included in this prohibited content.

Private Proxy

A private proxy offers secure, paid access to a proxy server. This is usually made available through authorized sources through paid subscriptions. It performs comparable tasks to a regular proxy but provides access to additional content and extra capabilities. Paid proxies include Bright Data, Infatica, Oxylabs, IPRoyal, and extratorrents, to name a few. Restricted content can be accessed through these proxies. It is advised that you subscribe to one that is popular in your nation.

Things to keep in mind while choosing proxies

Some factors should be considered when selecting private proxies.

Motive

A proxy is required for a number of reasons, such as data collection, privacy protection, enhancing security, and getting around geo-blocks.

Evaluate the proxy

List the top ten proxies in your nation and assess which provides the finest services for data collection, data retention, and downloading various websites and films. Remember the price as well.

Feedback from customers about Customer Service

It’s time to look at the private proxies’ reviews after assessing them using the previously stated standards. This aids in comprehending the caliber of the proxy service and their client interactions, including how they respond to complaints and resolve problems.

Location of the Proxy

The location of the proxy internet addresses should be chosen carefully since it affects dependability and productivity.

Check compatibility

Subsequently, it is imperative to confirm if the proxy you select is compatible with the program you wish to view without restriction. To verify compatibility, check variables like speed, available application space, and other pertinent aspects.

Conclusion

It’s crucial to take into account the previously mentioned factors when utilizing a private proxy. To access content that may be blocked by the government or other authorities to protect national values, one must pay for a private proxy service. Let’s now talk about the distinctions between private and general proxies.
Let’s now talk about the things to keep in mind when utilizing a private proxy. We have talked about many topics, including customer service and data preservation. If you’re looking for a private proxy, you must go over the previously listed things. People will find it simpler to use their preferred programs with ease and to locate a safe, dependable proxy for their demands as a result.

“Gulf States Empowered to Revitalize Two-State Solution, Paving the Way for Middle East Peace”

“Gulf States-Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE-could seek increased concessions from Palestinians as a condition for normalizing ties with Israel, according to Christina Paschyn’s analysis.”Amidst the fourth month of the Israel-Hamas conflict, the Arabian Gulf is emerging as a pivotal force in preventing its regional escalation. The Gulf states are increasingly seen as potential influencers capable of reviving a seemingly dormant peace deal – the two-state solution – previously declared dead by many policymakers.

The potential contributions of each Gulf nation to securing concessions in the ongoing Israel-Hamas conflict depend on their distinct relationships with Israel and the United States. Crucially, the willingness of these nations to coordinate as a united front will play a pivotal role in their efforts to usher in the creation of a Palestinian state.

Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates are steadily gaining influence as global mediators and strategic players, despite divergent foreign policy approaches. According to Andreas Krieg from the School of Security Studies at King’s College London, the current juncture presents a unique opportunity for these Gulf nations. Their growing leverage could potentially enable them to secure concessions from Israel that were previously unattainable, marking a pivotal moment in international relations.

Qatar has particularly dominated headlines as an adept negotiator between Israel and Hamas in securing hostage releases and getting aid into Gaza. This is largely due to the connections it has built not only with western powers but Islamist groups, which led to a three-and-a-half-year diplomatic blockade by the UAE and Saudi Arabia from 2017-2021.

The Gulf States are surprised by the US yet again being unwilling to press Israel more, protect human rights and push for a ceasefire.

Nevertheless, Qatar’s relations with these groups, as well as with Iran, have enabled the small nation to ‘maintain relevancy on the global stage’ and ‘become indispensable for great powers,’ according to Krieg.